In , Warhol began using advertisements and comic strips in his paintings. These works, examples of early Pop art , were characterized by more expressive and painterly styles that included clearly recognizable brushstrokes, and were loosely influenced by Abstract Expressionism. However, subsequent works, such his Brillo Boxes , would mark a direct rebellion against Abstract Expressionism, by almost completely removing any evidence of the artist's hand. In September , after moving to a townhouse at Lexington Avenue, on the Upper East Side of Manhattan, he began his most prolific period.
From having no dedicated studio space in his previous apartment, where he lived with his mother, he now had plenty of room to work. He was granted permission and used this space in conjunction with his Lexington Avenue space until Continuing with the theme of advertisements and comic strips, his paintings throughout the early part of the s were based primarily on illustrated images from printed media and graphic design.
To create his large-scale graphic canvases, Warhol used an opaque projector to enlarge the images onto a large canvas on the wall. Then, working freehand, he would trace the image with paint directly onto the canvas without a pencil tracing underneath. As a result, Warhol's works from early are generally more painterly. Late in , Warhol started on his Campbell's Soup Can paintings. The series employed many different techniques, but most were created by projecting source images on to canvas, tracing them with a pencil, and then applying paint.
In this way Warhol removed most signs of the artist's hand. In Warhol started to explore silkscreening. This stencil process involved transferring an image on to a porous screen, then applying paint or ink with a rubber squeegee.
This marked another means of painting while removing traces of his hand; like the stencil processes he had used to create the Campbell's Soup Can pictures, this also enabled him to repeat the motif multiple times across the same image, producing a serial image suggestive of mass production. Often, he would first set down a layer of colors which would complement the stencilled image after it was applied.
His first silkscreened paintings were based on the front and back faces of dollar bills, and he went on to create several series of images of various consumer goods and commercial items using this method. He depicted shipping and handling labels, Coca-Cola bottles, coffee can labels, Brillo Soap box labels, matchbook covers, and cars.
From autumn he also started to produce photo-silkscreen works, which involved transferring a photographic image on the porous silkscreens.
His first was Baseball , and those that followed often employed banal or shocking imagery derived from tabloid newspaper photographs of car crashes and civil rights riots, money and consumer household products. This marked a turning point in his career. Now, with the help of his assistants, he could more decisively remove his hand from the canvas and create repetitive, mass-produced images that would appear empty of meaning and beg the question, "What makes art, art?
Warhol had a lifelong fascination with Hollywood, demonstrated by his series of iconic images of celebrities such as Marilyn Monroe and Elizabeth Taylor. He also expanded his medium into installations, most notably at the Stable Gallery in New York in , replicating Brillo boxes in their actual size and then screenprinting their label designs onto blocks made of plywood.
Wanting to continue his exploration of different mediums, Warhol began experimenting with film in Two years later, after a trip to Paris for an exhibition of his work, he announced that he would be retiring from painting to focus exclusively on film.
Although he never completely followed through with this intention, he did produce many films, most starring those whom he called the Warholstars, an eccentric and eclectic group of friends who frequented the Factory and were known for their unconventional lifestyle.
He created approximately films between and , ranging in length from a few minutes to 24 hours. A hero is also someone who inspires me, or motivates me to be a better person. A hero also has to be a mentally strong person, who uses philosophical ideas to make day to day life easier. I could find these heroic qualities in a person I am close to, or a person that I have never even met before.
All in all, a hero is someone that is one of a kind, and who can help me find the best inside myself, even if it is just through words on paper. The first thing that inspires me about Andy Warhol is his art. Andy Warhol had the power to change the whole art scene, by using elements from things that were around him.
He portrayed reality in a different way. His various pieces inspire me to go beyond what I expect of myself. There's nothing behind it. His work is a true taste of originality, which the world lacks today. Through pictures, Andy Warhol inspires me to have an open mind, and to change what the world is supposed to look like. Andy Warhol also inspires me through his philosophical theories. In , however, Warhol's thriving career almost ended.
He was shot by Valerie Solanas , an aspiring writer and radical feminist, on June 3. Warhol was seriously wounded in this attack. Solanas had appeared in one of Warhol's films and was reportedly upset with him over his refusal to use a script she had written. After the shooting, Solanas was arrested and later pleaded guilty to the crime. Warhol spent weeks in a New York hospital recovering from his injuries and underwent several subsequent surgeries.
As a result of the injuries he sustained, he had to wear a surgical corset for the rest of his life. In the s, Warhol continued to explore other forms of media. Warhol also experimented extensively with video art, producing more than 60 films during his career.
Some of his most famous films include Sleep , which depicts poet John Giorno sleeping for six hours, and Eat , which shows a man eating a mushroom for 45 minutes. In his later life, Warhol suffered from chronic issues with his gallbladder. On February 20, , he was admitted to New York Hospital where his gallbladder was successfully removed and he seemed to be recovering. However, days later he suffered complications that resulted in sudden cardiac arrest and he died on February 22, , at the age of Thousands of people attended a memorial for the artist at St.
Patrick's Cathedral in New York City. Warhol's enigmatic personal life has been the subject of much debate. He is widely believed to have been a gay man, and his art was often infused with homoerotic imagery and motifs. However, he claimed that he remained a virgin for his entire life.
Warhol's life and work simultaneously satirized and celebrated materiality and celebrity. On the one hand, his paintings of distorted brand images and celebrity faces could be read as a critique of what he viewed as a culture obsessed with money and celebrity.
On the other hand, Warhol's focus on consumer goods and pop-culture icons, as well as his own taste for money and fame, suggests a life in celebration of the very aspects of American culture that his work criticized. Warhol spoke to this apparent contradiction between his life and work in his book The Philosophy of Andy Warhol , writing that "making money is art and working is art, and good business is the best art.
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